Contemporary of the stories of Homer, back in the VIII century B.C. is a winery near Cádiz, in the Phoenician colony of the Castillo de Doña Blanca, the first trace of the wine industry in Spain.Since then, the fame of Spanish wine has reached the whole world and can be compared with the best in France or Italy.
Spain has around seventy designations of origin distributed throughout the peninsula and the two archipelagos: Canarias and Baleares.Among the main ones are:
Rioja
It is considered one of the main wines of the world. The designation of origin is spread over 65,000 hectares in the north of Spain, crossed by the Ebro River, between the autonomous communities of La Rioja, Navarra and the province of Álava (Basque Country).
Rioja wine is preserved in 225-litre oak barrels with a minimum aging period of 1 to 3 years. Among its red wines, the variety that has given it more fame, Marques de Caceres, Vina Alberdi, Marqués de Murrieta, Viña Ardanza, Muga and Marqués de Riscal stand out.
Ribera del Duero
In recent years Ribera del Duero wines have achieved enormous fame. The designation occupies a part of the Castilian provinces of Burgos, Segovia, Soria and Valladolid, crossed by the Douro River.
The moderate rainfall of the area, together with dry summers and long and rigorous winters, make up the development of the vineyard and the ripening of the grapes. Among the more than 1,200 brands of this designation of origin, the red wines Protos, Vega Sicilia Único, Tinto Pesquera, Pago de Carraovejas, Arzuaga, Carramimbre and Valduero stand out.
Valdepeñas
From the heart of La Mancha, the homeland of Don Quixote, is the designation of origin of the popular Valdepeñas, whose territory only covers ten locations in the province of Ciudad Real. Many of these towns were former possessions of the orders of the Knights of Santiago and Calatrava. The Valdepeñas denomination has 22,000 hectares irrigated by the Jabalón River. Its vineyards, resistant to continental climate and low production, produce wines such as Señorío de los Llanos, Pata Negra, Viña Albali, Corcovo, Don Aurelio or Balthasar.
Rueda
One of its wines had great fame in the court of the Catholic Kings, the promoters of the American adventure of Christopher Columbus. Nestled in the heart of Castile, between the provinces of Valladolid, Segovia and Ávila, Rueda’s designation of origin spans nearly 16,000 hectares and has 70 wineries.
In Rueda the Verdejo grape reigns, which according to tradition brought in the 11th century the Mozarabs (Christians in Muslim territory). Some Verdejo wines from Rueda (white) are Caserío de Dueñas, Belondrade and Lurton, Malcorta, Marqués de Riscal Verdejo and Palacio de Bornos.
Ribeiro
At the junction of the valleys formed by the rivers Miño, Avia and Arnoia, in the Galician province of Orense, there is, along 2,500 hectares, the designation of origin of Ribeiro (‘river bank’ in Galician).
One thousand years ago, the Benedictine monks recovered viticulture in this greenest area of Spain that has the distinction of having four climates: Atlantic, Continental, Mediterranean and oceanic.
The Ribeiro wines par excellence are white, and they are among the best in Spain. Among them are Ailalá Treixadura, El Paraguas Atlántico, Coto de Gomáriz, Máxima Casanova, Sur and Viña Costeira.
Penedés
Penedés, a word that comes from the Latin pinna (peña or roca), refers to the rocky soil of this Catalan region, between the provinces of Barcelona and Tarragona.
With 26,000 hectares of vineyards and about 270 wineries, it is the most visited wine region in Spain. It produces wines but also cava, the frothy drink that has its own designation of origin .
The most renowned red wines are Negre Puppet, Pere Punyetes Negre, Reserva Martí , Gran Clot dels Oms Negre. And as for the cavas, Descregut Brut Nature, Mas Candi Indomitable, Turó d’en Mota , Freixenet and Codorniú.
Chacolí
The production of chacolí, the white wine typical of the Basque Country, is divided into three designations of origin of this autonomous community: Álava, Vizcaya and Guetaria. Back in the day chacolí (txacolí in euskera) was produced in an artisan way in hamlets until it began to be commercialized in the days of Cervantes.
Among the three designations, 700 hectares are dedicated to cultivate this wine marked by a slight characteristic acidity. Some notable chacolís are Berroja, Urkizahar, K5 Argiñano, Hiruzta and Astobiza.
WINES FROM ANDALUSIA
Manzanilla Sanlúcar de Barrameda
This designation of origin is twinned with the wines of Jerez, since it is supervised by the same regulatory council. The first time this chapter is mentioned in writing is in the eighteenth century.
The main feature of manzanilla, in addition to the added alcohol, is that it ages under a layer of yeast called the flower veil. It is the wine of a single town, Sanlúcar de Barrameda, something that the EU backed in 1996, which implies that when someone asks for manzanilla, it can only be from Sanlúcar.
Among the most renowned are Manzanilla Past Pastora, La Guita, La Gitana, La Kika and Sacristía AB.
On our food tour in Seville, you’ll get to taste manzanilla en rama which is an unfiltered natural wine: a pleasure to your taste buds and your senses.
Jerez-Xérès-Sherry
Considered the oldest designation of origin in Spain, the wines of Jerez take their name from the stately city of the province of Cádiz. In general, the classic Sherry wines are obtained in a process in which alcohol is added to a young white wine of palomino grape.
These are the so-called ‘generous’ wines and depending on the degrees they reach -up to 15 or 17- they will be obtained in several types: manzanilla, fino, amontillado, oloroso and palo cortado.
Among the wide family of wines we have: Fino Tío Pepe, Amontillado Príncipe, La Bota de Oloroso and Obispo Gascón Palo Cortado.
Malaga
Consumed by the first presidents of the United States and mentioned in the trilogy of the Three Musketeers of Dumas, the fame of Malaga wine reached Russia in the eighteenth century.
Currently, it is produced in 67 municipalities of the province of Malaga and depending on the aging time it receives a certain name: Pale (up to 6 months), Noble (2 to 3 years), Añejo (3 to 5 years ), Trasañejo (more than 5 years).
The most famous are the sweet wines, which are made with overripe grapes or raisins.
Among them are Retumba casi 10, Carpe Diem Añejo, Málaga Virgen Pedro Ximénez, Pajarete Old House of Guard, Quitapenas Málaga Dulce, Jarel and Señorío de Broches.
Some of them are offered on our Malaga Wine & Tapas Evening Tour
Sierras de Málaga
The young